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Rutka Laskier
Rutka (Ruth) Laskier (1929–1943) was a Jewish teenager from Poland who is best known for her 1943 diary chronicling three months of her life during the Holocaust.
==Biography==
Laskier was born in the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk, a port city in northern Poland), then a predominantly German-speaking autonomous city-state, where her father, Jakub (Yaakov) Laskier, worked as a bank officer. Her family was well off, her grandfather serving as co-owner of Laskier-Kleinberg and Company, a milling company that owned and operated a grist mill. In the early 1930s she moved with her family to the southern Polish city of Będzin, whence her father's parents had come. While there, in 1943, at the age of 14, Laskier wrote a 60-page diary in Polish, chronicling several months of her life under Nazi rule, which was not released to the public until 2005.(photo )〔("Polish 'Anne Frank' diary revealed" ), by Etgar Lefkovits, The Jerusalem Post (5 June 2007). Retrieved 6 June 2007. 〕
Laskier's family was forced to move to Będzin's Jewish ghetto during World War II. Laskier was believed to have died in a gas chamber, along with her mother and brother, upon her arrival with her family in August 1943 at the Auschwitz concentration camp, at the age of 14.〔 However, it was revealed in 2008 that she was not sent to the gas chambers. In a published account of her time in Auschwitz, Zofia Minc, who was a fellow prisoner, revealed that Laskier slept in the barrack next to her until falling victim to a cholera outbreak in December 1943. The girl pushed Laskier, still alive, in a wheelbarrow to the gas chamber. (According to Zahava Scherz 〔BBC: The Secret Diary of the Holocaust〕 Rutka was being taken directly to the crematory.) Rutka begged Zofia to take her to the electric fence where she could kill herself, but an SS guard following them would not allow it.〔« Dans notre block, je dormais à côté de mon amie, Rutka Laskier, de Bedzin. Elle était tellement belle, que même le Dr Mengele l’avait remarquée. Une épidémie de typhus et de choléra a alors éclaté. Rutka a attrapé le choléra. En quelques heures, elle est devenue méconnaissable. Elle n’était plus qu’une ombre pitoyable. Je l’ai moi-même transportée dans une brouette au crématoire. Elle me suppliait de l’amener jusqu’aux barbelés pour se jeter dessus et mourir électrocutée, mais un SS marchait derrière moi avec un fusil et il ne m’a pas laissé faire. » in "Journal d’outre-tombe" by Nathalie Dubois and Maja Żółtowska, ''Libération'' (10 March 2008) (French).〕
Rutka's father was the only member of the family who survived the Holocaust. Following World War II, he emigrated to Israel, where he remarried and had another daughter, Zahava Scherz. He died in 1986. According to Zahava Scherz, interviewed in the BBC documentary "The Secret Diary of the Holocaust" (broadcast in January 2009),〔(BBC - BBC One Programmes - The Secret Diary of the Holocaust ) 〕 he never told Scherz about Rutka until she discovered a photo album when she herself was 14, which contained a picture of Rutka with her younger brother. Zahava explains that she asked her father who they were and he answered her truthfully, but never spoke further about it. Zahava went on to explain that she learnt of the existence of Rutka's diary in 2006, and she expressed how much it has meant to her finally to be able to get to know her half-sister, to whom she felt a closeness after reading her diary.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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